How to Clean and Disinfect High-Touch Surfaces

Keeping high-touch surfaces clean and disinfected is essential for maintaining a healthy environment. High-touch surfaces are those that are frequently touched by multiple people throughout the day, such as doorknobs, light switches, countertops, and electronic devices. Regular cleaning and disinfection help reduce the spread of germs and viruses, which is especially crucial during flu season and outbreaks of illnesses like COVID-19. This article will guide you through the process of effectively cleaning and disinfecting these surfaces, ensuring your home or workplace remains safe and hygienic.

Understanding High-Touch Surfaces

What Are High-Touch Surfaces?

High-touch surfaces are objects and areas that people frequently touch throughout the day. Common examples include:

• Doorknobs and handles
• Light switches
• Handrails
• Countertops and tables
• Elevator buttons
• Bathroom fixtures (faucets, toilet handles)
• Electronic devices (keyboards, phones, remote controls)
• Appliance handles (refrigerator, microwave)

These surfaces can harbor a significant amount of germs and viruses, making it essential to clean and disinfect them regularly.

Why Focus on High-Touch Surfaces?

High-touch surfaces are prime areas for the transmission of pathogens. When multiple people touch these surfaces, they can leave behind germs and pick up new ones, leading to the potential spread of illnesses. Regularly cleaning and disinfecting these surfaces can significantly reduce the risk of infection.

The Difference Between Cleaning and Disinfecting

Cleaning

Cleaning involves removing dirt, dust, and debris from surfaces. This process often requires the use of soap or detergent and water. Cleaning helps to remove germs, but it does not necessarily kill them. It is an essential first step before disinfecting because dirt and debris can reduce the effectiveness of disinfectants.

Disinfecting

Disinfecting involves using chemicals to kill germs on surfaces. This process is crucial for reducing the risk of infection. Disinfectants are specifically designed to kill viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. For effective disinfection, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding the amount of disinfectant to use and the contact time needed to kill germs.

Materials and Tools Needed

Cleaning Supplies

• Microfiber cloths or disposable cleaning wipes
• Soft-bristled brush or sponge
• Mild soap or detergent
• Water

Disinfecting Supplies

• EPA-registered disinfectants or disinfecting wipes
• Isopropyl alcohol (at least 70%)
• Hydrogen peroxide (3%)
• Bleach solution (1/3 cup of bleach per gallon of water)
• Spray bottle

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Gloves (disposable or reusable)
• Mask (optional, depending on the cleaning product)
• Eye protection (if using strong chemicals)

Step-by-Step Guide to Cleaning and Disinfecting

Step 1: Preparation

Before you start cleaning and disinfecting, gather all necessary supplies and equipment. Make sure you have a well-ventilated area to work in, especially if you are using strong disinfectants.

Step 2: Cleaning

1. Wear Gloves: Put on gloves to protect your hands from cleaning agents and germs.
2. Dust and Debris Removal: Use a microfiber cloth or a duster to remove loose dust and debris from surfaces.
3. Soap and Water: Mix mild soap or detergent with water. Dampen a cloth or sponge in the solution and wipe down the surfaces to remove dirt and grime.
4. Rinse and Dry: After cleaning, rinse the cloth or sponge with clean water and wipe the surfaces again to remove any soap residue. Dry the surfaces with a clean cloth.

Step 3: Disinfecting

1. Choose a Disinfectant: Select an appropriate disinfectant for the surface you are cleaning. Ensure it is effective against viruses and bacteria.
2. Apply Disinfectant: Spray the disinfectant directly onto the surface or use disinfecting wipes. Ensure the surface is thoroughly wet.
3. Contact Time: Allow the disinfectant to sit on the surface for the recommended contact time (usually specified on the product label) to ensure it kills the germs effectively.
4. Wipe Down: After the contact time has elapsed, wipe down the surface with a clean cloth if necessary. Some disinfectants require no rinsing, while others may need to be wiped off.

Step 4: Final Steps

1. Dispose of Gloves: Remove and dispose of gloves if they are disposable. If you are using reusable gloves, clean them thoroughly with soap and water.
2. Wash Hands: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.

Special Considerations for Different Surfaces

Electronic Devices

Electronic devices require special care to avoid damage.

1. Turn Off and Unplug: Always turn off and unplug electronic devices before cleaning.
2. Use Appropriate Products: Use disinfecting wipes or a soft cloth dampened with isopropyl alcohol (at least 70%) to clean screens, keyboards, and other surfaces. Avoid using excessive liquid to prevent damage.
3. Dry Thoroughly: Ensure the device is completely dry before turning it back on.

Kitchen Surfaces

1. Food Safety: Use food-safe disinfectants on kitchen countertops and appliances. Avoid using harsh chemicals where food is prepared.
2. Cutting Boards and Utensils: Clean and disinfect cutting boards and utensils after each use, especially when handling raw meat.

Bathroom Surfaces

1. High Humidity Areas: Bathrooms are often high in humidity, which can harbor mold and mildew. Use disinfectants that are effective against these organisms.
2. Frequent Touch Points: Pay extra attention to faucets, toilet handles, and light switches in the bathroom.

Upholstery and Soft Surfaces

1. Vacuuming: Regularly vacuum upholstered furniture and soft surfaces to remove dust and debris.
2. Disinfecting: Use fabric-safe disinfectant sprays or steam cleaners to disinfect soft surfaces.

Frequency of Cleaning and Disinfecting

The frequency of cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces depends on the environment and usage.

Home Environment

1. Daily: Doorknobs, light switches, countertops, and electronic devices should be cleaned and disinfected daily.
2. Weekly: Less frequently touched surfaces, such as cabinet handles and appliance buttons, can be cleaned and disinfected weekly.

Workplace Environment

1. Daily: Desks, keyboards, phones, and communal areas should be cleaned and disinfected daily.
2. Multiple Times a Day: High-traffic areas and shared equipment, like copiers and printers, should be disinfected multiple times a day.

Safe Use of Disinfectants

Read Labels

Always read and follow the instructions on the disinfectant’s label. This includes information on the correct usage, contact time, and safety precautions.

Ventilation

Ensure the area is well-ventilated when using disinfectants, especially those with strong fumes. Open windows and use fans to circulate air.

Storage

Store disinfectants out of reach of children and pets. Keep them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

Environmentally Friendly Options

For those looking for more environmentally friendly cleaning and disinfecting options, consider the following:

Natural Disinfectants

1. Vinegar: While vinegar is not a registered disinfectant, it can be effective for general cleaning.
2. Hydrogen Peroxide: A 3% hydrogen peroxide solution is an effective disinfectant for various surfaces.

Eco-Friendly Products

Look for EPA-approved disinfectants that are labeled as environmentally friendly. These products are often biodegradable and free from harsh chemicals.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Skipping Cleaning: Always clean surfaces before disinfecting. Dirt and debris can hinder the effectiveness of disinfectants.
2. Insufficient Contact Time: Ensure the disinfectant remains on the surface for the recommended contact time to effectively kill germs.
3. Mixing Chemicals: Never mix different cleaning agents, especially bleach and ammonia, as this can produce toxic fumes.
4. Over-Wetting Electronics: Avoid using excessive liquid on electronic devices to prevent damage.

Conclusion

Maintaining a clean and disinfected environment is crucial for reducing the spread of germs and viruses. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can ensure that high-touch surfaces in your home or workplace are properly cleaned and disinfected. Regular cleaning and disinfection, combined with the appropriate use of cleaning supplies and disinfectants, will help create a safer and healthier environment for everyone.

Remember, consistency is key. Incorporate these practices into your daily routine to keep your surroundings hygienic and to protect yourself and others from potential infections.